Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) — Dr. Rameez Shaikh, MD
BDD, also known as dysmorphophobia, or the fear of having a deformity, is a chronic mental condition in which individuals become obsessed with a perceived physical flaw in a body part.
BDD patients may become obsessed with the size, form, or texture of a facial feature, thigh, arm muscles, or genitalia, or the presence or absence of hair, to the point that regular functioning is difficult or impossible. Although the problem is imagined or greatly exaggerated in the patient’s mind, it dwarfs all other parts of personal physical reality for the patient with BDD. BDD is a significant condition. It can escalate to suicidal thoughts or behaviours if left untreated.
Symptoms of BDD
Patients with BDD aren’t merely self-conscious; they’re preoccupied on perceived physical flaws to the point where they have trouble mingling or going about their daily lives. They are frequently distracted with their imagined problem, making it difficult for them to focus on anything else, resulting in strained personal, school, or job relationships.
Other BDD symptoms include:
Preoccupation with, or avoidance of, mirrors
Touching the troublesome region on a regular basis
Make-up, clothes, or hair attempts to conceal the region
Constantly seeking reassurance concerning a physical component
Feeling unattractive, unlovable, and unaccepted
Undergoing unnecessary cosmetic surgery
Excessive grooming or exercise
Unwillingness to be photographed
Diagnosis of BDD
Many individuals with this ailment feel self-conscious about their perceived flaw and may be unwilling to disclose their fears with medical specialists, making it difficult to diagnose. A physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history will be undertaken to confirm this condition.
A psychiatrist should be consulted if BDD is suspected. The patient will be diagnosed based on observation and thorough questioning in line with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM, a manual produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Because BDD has symptoms with obsessive-compulsive disorder and some eating disorders, differential diagnosis is critical.
Treatment of BDD
Dr. Rameez Shaikh, MD Consultant Psychiatrist and Psychotherapist Says that “The most effective treatment for BDD is a mix of psychotherapy, medication, and group therapy. “
Anxiety, sadness, and obsessive behaviour can all be treated with medication. Psychotherapy, especially cognitive treatment, is frequently employed. Cognitive behavioural therapy tries to help patients build a more positive self-image by changing their thinking patterns and providing emotional support.
