Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)- Dr. Rameez Shaikh

GAD, or generalised anxiety disorder, is a mental illness in which anxiety is a long-term condition rather than a passing mood. While it is natural for everyone to be concerned about an approaching event such as a test or a job interview, patients with GAD are always anxious and unable to relax. It’s possible that the illness could get so severe that it will affect education, job, or relationships. GAD is a highly widespread mental illness that affects millions of people in the India alone. The illness affects more than twice as many women as it does males.

Worry is like a rocking chair: it gives you something to do but never gets you anywhere. — Erma Bombeck

Causes of GAD

While the exact origin of GAD has yet to be discovered, the illness is thought to be the result of brain abnormalities that are at least partially genetic. Hormonal changes, such as those that occur before, during, or after menstruation, or during menopause, may have a role in the development of the condition, explaining why women are notably more susceptible to it than men. Environmental variables like as trauma or excessive stress are known to aggravate GAD.

GAD Signs and Symptoms

GAD symptoms, which most typically appear in childhood or adolescence, can also appear in adults. These signs and symptoms might be psychological as well as physiological. These symptoms, which are frequently widespread, may be accompanied with a fear of death.

Psychological Signs and Symptoms

Excessive concern about little details.
Constant anxiety.
Anxiety that has no apparent reason.
Fear or dread.
The inability to unwind.
Restlessness, impatience, Palpitation and tension
Concentration is difficult.
A strong or repeated startle response.

Physiological Signs and Symptoms

Insomnia or other forms of sleep deprivation.
Headaches, exhaustion, nausea, and lightheadedness
Muscle pains and twitches are common.
Palpitations and chest discomfort
Gastrointestinal distress.
Aches and pains in other areas.
Urge to urinate on a regular basis.
Breathlessness.
Sweating or hot flushes
Trembling.
Swallowing problems.
Dry throat.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Treatment

The most common treatment for generalised anxiety disorder is a mix of medication and psychotherapy. Antidepressants, tranquillizers, busiprone, beta blockers, and benzodiazepines are common drugs recommended for generalised anxiety disorder. The amount of time these drugs take to give symptomatic relief may vary. Benzodiazepines, such as Xanax or Valium, are sometimes prescribed to patients to help them relax while they wait for other drugs, such as antidepressants, to take action. GAD can be treated using a variety of psychotherapies. Cognitive behavioural treatment has proven to be especially beneficial.

Dr. Rameez Shaikh, MD Consultant Psychiatrist and Psychotherpist says that “Alternative therapy, including as meditation and different relaxation techniques, have been shown to help some patients retain a sense of calm. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding alcohol, coffee, and other stimulants, might help alleviate GAD symptoms. It is also essential to have a solid support system of family and friends.”