Narcolepsy — Dr. Rameez Shaikh
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that causes excessive sleepiness during the day. People with narcolepsy may find it difficult to stay awake for lengthy periods of time and may experience unpredictable, uncontrollable daytime sleepiness. Although the exact aetiology of narcolepsy is unknown, it may occur as a result of heredity, stress, or an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain. While there is no cure for narcolepsy, there are numerous therapeutic options available to help people with the illness manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
Narcolepsy’s Causes
The specific aetiology of narcolepsy is unknown, however it is thought to be a genetic illness because it runs in families. Low levels of the neurochemical hypocretin may be caused by an autoimmune illness, according to some research. Hypocretin levels are usually low in patients with narcolepsy.
Narcolepsy Symptoms
Excessive daytime tiredness, interrupted nightly sleep, or sleep paralysis are all symptoms of narcolepsy. Some people who have narcolepsy may also have other neurological or sleep disorders, such as:
Sleep Apnea
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Insomnia
Cataplexy, or sudden loss of muscular tone, is another symptom that might include weakness, slurred speech, and transient paralysis in some patients.
Narcolepsy Diagnosis
Narcolepsy is often diagnosed following a comprehensive physical examination and review of the patient’s medical and sleep history. To rule out any underlying problems, blood testing may be performed. The following tests may be used in addition to the ones listed above:
EEG is a technique for determining brain activity.
ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test that measures the heart’s activity.
Testing for genetic mutations
A polysomnogram and a multiple sleep latency test are two of the most used sleep study examinations. These examinations are frequently carried out in a sleep centre.
Treatment of Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a chronic illness for which there is currently no cure.
Dr. Rameez Shaikh, MD Consultant Psychiatrist and Psychotherapist says that “Treatment focuses on symptom management and may include antidepressants, stimulants for staying awake, and other medications.”
Following a regular sleep pattern, taking scheduled naps, and exercising on a regular basis are all examples of home treatment. Avoiding alcohol and cigarettes may also help patients with narcolepsy. With a personalised treatment plan, many individuals are able to effectively control their illness.
